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On July 22, 2011, Anders Breivik carried out a coordinated two-stage attack in Norway, beginning with a car bombing in Oslo followed by a mass shooting on the island of Utøya. The attacks resulted in 77 deaths and marked the deadliest violence in Norway since World War II.
The first attack involved a vehicle-borne explosive device detonated in a government area, causing significant destruction and casualties. The second attack took place on Utøya island, where Breivik used firearms to target individuals over an extended period, pursuing victims across the area.
Investigators determined that Breivik had spent years planning the attacks, acquiring materials, and preparing explosives. A manifesto distributed prior to the attack outlined his ideological motivations and planning. Digital evidence, purchase records, and forensic analysis confirmed premeditation and coordination. Authorities classified the incident as an act of terrorism carried out by a lone actor.