Modus Operandi - Mass Shooting

Brenton Harrison Tarrant became internationally known after carrying out the Christchurch mosque attacks on March 15, 2019. He attacked worshippers at two mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand, killing 51 people and injuring 40 others before being arrested by police. Tarrant later pleaded guilty to 51 counts of murder, 40 counts of attempted murder, and one terrorism charge. In 2020, he became the first person in New Zealand to receive a sentence of life imprisonment without the possibility of parole.

George Emil Banks became one of the most infamous mass killers in Pennsylvania history after murdering 13 people during a shooting spree in Wilkes-Barre on September 25, 1982. Among his victims were five of his own children, their mothers, and several relatives. The murders shocked the United States because of the extraordinary number of family members killed in a single attack. After decades of legal proceedings centred on his mental competency, Banks died in prison in 2024 without ever being executed.

Julian Knight became one of Australia’s most notorious mass killers after carrying out the Hoddle Street massacre in Melbourne, Victoria, on August 9, 1987. Armed with multiple firearms, Knight opened fire on motorists and pedestrians along Hoddle Street, killing seven people and injuring numerous others in one of the deadliest mass shootings in Australian history at the time. The massacre shocked the nation and permanently altered public discussion surrounding gun control, mass violence, and offender psychology in Australia. Knight’s age, military background, and apparent emotional instability became major focuses during the investigation and trial. The case remained deeply embedded in Australian criminal history and later contributed to broader national debates surrounding firearm access and responses to mass casualty attacks.

Martin Bryant became Australia’s most notorious mass murderer after carrying out the Port Arthur massacre in Tasmania on April 28, 1996. Armed with semi-automatic rifles, Bryant killed 35 people and injured 23 others across multiple locations around the historic Port Arthur tourist site, making it the deadliest mass shooting in modern Australian history. The massacre shocked Australia and triggered sweeping national gun law reforms under Prime Minister John Howard. Bryant’s name became permanently associated with mass casualty violence, firearm legislation, and public trauma across the country. The scale of the killings, the randomness of the victims, and the horrifying duration of the attack turned the Port Arthur massacre into one of the most historically significant crimes in Australian history.

Dezi Freeman became one of Australia’s most notorious fugitives after allegedly murdering two Victorian police officers during a police raid at a rural property near Porepunkah in 2025. The shocking ambush triggered one of the largest manhunts in Australian history after Freeman disappeared into rugged alpine bushland heavily armed and determined to avoid capture. The case generated enormous national attention because Freeman allegedly shot police officers serving a warrant connected to child abuse material investigations before vanishing into the wilderness for more than seven months. His eventual death in a police shootout near the Victoria-New South Wales border in March 2026 brought an end to a massive tactical operation that consumed police resources across multiple states.

Michael Paul Brown became known after carrying out the deadly Owl Bar shooting in Montana, killing four people during a violent attack that shocked the local community. The massacre unfolded inside and around the Owl Bar in Anaconda, Montana, where Brown targeted victims connected to a long-running personal dispute before fleeing the scene. Authorities described Brown as a heavily armed and dangerous suspect whose actions triggered a large-scale manhunt and emergency lockdowns across the region. The case generated widespread media coverage because of the sudden brutality of the attack, the multiple homicide victims and the dramatic police confrontation that followed shortly afterward.

Erik Menendez became one of the most infamous figures in American true crime history after he and his older brother, Lyle Menendez, were convicted of murdering their wealthy parents inside their Beverly Hills mansion in 1989. The brutal killings shocked the United States and quickly transformed the Menendez brothers into household names during one of the most heavily televised murder trials of the 1990s. During the trial, Erik was portrayed by prosecutors as a privileged young man motivated by money and inheritance, while the defense argued he was a traumatised victim of years of emotional, physical and sexual abuse inside the family home. His emotional courtroom testimony and visible vulnerability became central to the public perception of the case, helping fuel decades of debate over whether the brothers were cold-blooded killers or abused sons driven by fear.

Lyle Menendez became one of the most infamous figures in American true crime history after he and his younger brother, Erik Menendez, were convicted of murdering their wealthy parents inside their Beverly Hills mansion in 1989. The shocking nature of the killings, combined with the family’s image of wealth and privilege, turned the case into a global media obsession throughout the 1990s. Lyle was portrayed by prosecutors as manipulative, arrogant and motivated by greed, while the defense argued he was a deeply traumatised son shaped by years of alleged emotional, physical and sexual abuse inside the Menendez household. Decades later, the Menendez brothers case remains one of the most debated family murder cases in American criminal history.